REKONSTRUKSI KERANGKA HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DALAM EKOSISTEM PLATFORM DIGITAL DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35446/bisniskompetif.v5i1.2905Keywords:
digital platform, consumer protection, legal reconstruction, legal liability, digital economyAbstract
The development of the digital platform ecosystem in Indonesia has created significant normative gaps in the existing consumer protection legal framework. Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, as the primary legal instrument, has proven inadequate in accommodating the complexity of legal relationships among consumers, businesses, and digital platforms in the digital economy era. This research aims to analyze the structural weaknesses of the existing consumer protection legal framework, identify regulatory gaps in the digital platform ecosystem context, and reconstruct a legal framework responsive to digital dynamics. The research methodology employs a normative juridical approach with statutory, conceptual, and comparative methods. The results reveal at least three fundamental regulatory gaps: the ambiguity of digital platform legal liability, weaknesses in digital dispute resolution mechanisms, and insufficient protection of consumer personal data. The proposed legal framework reconstruction encompasses strengthening the platform's position as an independent legal subject, integrating strict liability principles in digital transactions, and establishing an integrated supervisory authority. This research contributes to the development of an adaptive and comprehensive digital consumer protection law in Indonesia.
References
Aditya, Z. F. (2022). Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Transaksi E-Commerce: Kajian atas Kelemahan Regulasi dan Arah Reformasi. Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan, 11(2), 201-230.
Akerlof, G. A. (1970). The Market for 'Lemons': Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 84(3), 488-500.
Balkin, J. M. (2016). Information Fiduciaries and the First Amendment. UC Davis Law Review, 49(4), 1183-1234.
Busch, C. (2019). The Future of Pre-Contractual Information Duties: From Behavioural Insights to Big Data. Forthcoming in C. Twigg-Flesner (Ed.), Research Handbook on EU Consumer and Contract Law. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Calo, R. (2014). Digital Market Manipulation. The George Washington Law Review, 82(4), 995-1051.
Cohen, J. E. (2019). Between Truth and Power: The Legal Constructions of Informational Capitalism. Oxford University Press.
Drexl, J. (2018). Designing Competitive Markets for Industrial Data: Between Propertisation and Access. Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and Electronic Commerce Law, 9(4), 257-292.
Durovic, M. (2016). The Subtle Europeanisation of Contract Law: The Case of Unfair Commercial Practices Law. European Review of Private Law, 24(1), 77-102.
European Union. (2022). Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 September 2022 on Contestable and Fair Markets in the Digital Sector (Digital Markets Act). Official Journal of the European Union, L 265, 1-66.
European Union. (2022). Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 October 2022 on a Single Market for Digital Services (Digital Services Act). Official Journal of the European Union, L 277, 1-102.
Ezrachi, A., & Stucke, M. E. (2016). Virtual Competition: The Promise and Perils of the Algorithm-Driven Economy. Harvard University Press.
Geradin, D., & Katsifis, D. (2019). An 'Irrational' but 'Politically Convenient' Fairness-Based Approach to the Regulation of Platform Access and Tying. Competition Policy International.
Hadjon, P. M. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum bagi Rakyat di Indonesia: Sebuah Studi tentang Prinsip-Prinsipnya, Penanganannya oleh Pengadilan dalam Lingkungan Peradilan Umum dan Pembentukan Peradilan Administrasi Negara. Universitas Airlangga Press.
Indonesia. (1999). Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktik Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 1999 Nomor 33.
Indonesia. (1999). Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 1999 Nomor 22.
Indonesia. (2008). Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik sebagaimana diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 2008 Nomor 58.
Indonesia. (2019). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 71 Tahun 2019 tentang Penyelenggaraan Sistem dan Transaksi Elektronik. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 2019 Nomor 185.
Indonesia. (2019). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 80 Tahun 2019 tentang Perdagangan Melalui Sistem Elektronik. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 2019 Nomor 222.
Indonesia. (2022). Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 2022 Nomor 196.
Jabłonowska, A., Kuziemski, M., Lech, A. M., Micklitz, H. W., Pałka, P., & Sartor, G. (2018). Consumer Law and Artificial Intelligence: Challenges to the EU Consumer Law and Policy Stemming from the Business' Use of Artificial Intelligence. EUI Working Papers LAW 2018/11.
Kaminski, M. E. (2019). Binary Governance: Lessons from the GDPR's Approach to Algorithmic Accountability. Southern California Law Review, 92(6), 1529-1616.
Luth, H. A. (2020). Behavioural Economics in Consumer Policy: The Economic Analysis of Standard Terms in Consumer Contracts Revisited. Intersentia.
Marzuki, P. M. (2021). Penelitian Hukum (Edisi Revisi). Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Mujiburohman, D. A. (2021). Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Transaksi Elektronik: Tinjauan atas Praktik dan Regulasi di Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, 21(1), 1-20.
Narayanan, A., & Shmatikov, V. (2021). De-Anonymizing Social Networks. IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, 173-187.
Nugroho, Y. (2023). Ekosistem Digital dan Implikasinya terhadap Hukum Persaingan Usaha di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Bisnis, 42(1), 45-72.
Parker, G., Van Alstyne, M., & Choudary, S. P. (2016). Platform Revolution: How Networked Markets are Transforming the Economy and How to Make Them Work for You. W. W. Norton & Company.
Pasquale, F. (2015). The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms That Control Money and Information. Harvard University Press.
Prasetio, D. (2022). Tanggung Jawab Platform Digital terhadap Konten Ilegal dan Kerugian Konsumen: Perspektif Hukum Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum dan Teknologi Informasi, 5(2), 112-138.
Ramsay, I. (2012). Consumer Law and Policy: Text and Materials on Regulating Consumer Markets (3rd ed.). Hart Publishing.
Roessing, M. (2020). Online Platforms and the Law: When Are They Liable for Third-Party Content? European Journal of Law and Technology, 11(1), 1-25.
Shaping, S. (2017). The Consumer Society: Myths and Structures. SAGE Publications.
Sjahdeni, S. R. (2020). Perbankan Syariah: Produk-Produk dan Aspek-Aspek Hukumnya. Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Srnicek, N. (2017). Platform Capitalism. Polity Press.
Sunstein, C. R. (2019). Sludge and Ordeals. Duke Law Journal, 68(8), 1843-1883.
Tapscott, D., & Tapscott, A. (2016). Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Portfolio/Penguin.
Zuboff, S. (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. PublicAffairs.
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 2026-06-05 (2)
- 2026-06-05 (1)
